THE NEXUS OF RAPID POPULATION GROWTH WITH LAND FRAGMENTATION AND FOOD INSECURITY IN DISTRICT RAJAN PUR, PAKISTAN: PHENOMENOLOGICAL DESIGN

Abstract

Background: The rapid population growth in many developing countries has led to a complex nexus with land fragmentation and food insecurity, exacerbating the challenges of sustainable agricultural development and food availability. Objective: To explore the relationship of population growth with land fragmentation and its impact on agricultural productivity and food security in District Rajan Pur, Pakistan. Materials and Methods: This study employed a phenomenological research design to explore the relationship between population growth, land fragmentation, and food security. A mixed-target population approach was used, comprising 64 landholders from 8 villages and 8 key informants (government officials). Convenience sampling was utilized to select landholders, while focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews (KIIs) were conducted to collect data. Thematic analysis was employed to identify and interpret patterns and meanings within the data. This methodology allowed for an in-depth examination of the lived experiences and perceptions of farmers and communities affected by land fragmentation, providing a comprehensive understanding of the research phenomenon. Results: Thematic analysis revealed a cascading relationship in District Rajan Pur, where rapid population growth—driven by early marriage, early childbearing, high fertility, and increased household formation—has intensified land fragmentation through repeated land subdivision, rising input costs, a lack of mechanization, and seasonal migration. This fragmentation, in turn, has led to insufficient land use and declining agricultural productivity, collectively exacerbating food insecurity and placing long-term pressure on the region’s already vulnerable food systems. Conclusion: Rapid population growth in District Rajan Pur has led to land fragmentation and reduced agricultural productivity, intensifying food insecurity and necessitating targeted policy interventions in family planning, land management, and sustainable agriculture.