ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF DEFENSE AGREEMENTS, ECONOMIC COOPERATION, STRATEGIC ALLIANCES, AND CULTURAL DIPLOMACY ON PAKISTAN'S FOREIGN POLICY TOWARDS RUSSIA, TURKEY, CHINA, AND IRAN

Abstract

The study examines Pakistan's evolving foreign policy towards Iran, Turkey, Russia, and China and their effects on the economy and national security. The research aims to fill gaps in knowledge in the following areas: the function of cultural diplomacy in bridging cultural divides, the relationship between strategic alliances and Pakistan's political objectives, the impact of economic cooperation on Pakistan, and the impact of defense agreements on Pakistan's national security. The study collected data from university professors, postgraduate researchers, administrative professionals, and others who understand Pakistan's international affairs. Mixed-method research employed quantitative survey data with qualitative data from crucial open-ended questions. According to the primary outcomes, economic and defense agreements with Russia, Turkey, Iran, and China were overwhelmingly favorable. Strategic ties were uneven, while cultural diplomacy was praised. A quantitative study also revealed Pakistan's evolving foreign policy towards Russia, Turkey, China, and Iran. These include respondents' gender, age, educational theme areas, strategic relationships, joint military exercises, and cultural diplomacy. The study advises governments to use cultural diplomacy, economic cooperation, and defense deals to manage strategic alliances. The execution of this comprehensive approach would enhance Pakistan's standing both nationally and globally.